Gerenciamento de Tráfego do Istio

Guia completo sobre gerenciamento de tráfego do Istio para implantações de malha de serviço em produção.

Quando Usar Esta Habilidade

• Configurar roteamento de serviço para serviço
• Implementar implantações canary ou blue-green
• Configurar circuit breakers e retries
• Configuração de balanceamento de carga
• Espelhamento de tráfego para testes
• Injeção de falhas para engenharia de caos

Conceitos Principais

1. Recursos de Gerenciamento de Tráfego

2. Fluxo de Tráfego

Client → Gateway → VirtualService → DestinationRule → Service
                   (routing)        (policies)        (pods)

Modelos

Modelo 1: Roteamento Básico

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: reviews-route
  namespace: bookinfo
spec:
  hosts:
    - reviews
  http:
    - match:
        - headers:
            end-user:
              exact: jason
      route:
        - destination:
            host: reviews
            subset: v2
    - route:
        - destination:
            host: reviews
            subset: v1
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: reviews-destination
  namespace: bookinfo
spec:
  host: reviews
  subsets:
    - name: v1
      labels:
        version: v1
    - name: v2
      labels:
        version: v2
    - name: v3
      labels:
        version: v3

Modelo 2: Implantação Canary

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: my-service-canary
spec:
  hosts:
    - my-service
  http:
    - route:
        - destination:
            host: my-service
            subset: stable
          weight: 90
        - destination:
            host: my-service
            subset: canary
          weight: 10
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: my-service-dr
spec:
  host: my-service
  trafficPolicy:
    connectionPool:
      tcp:
        maxConnections: 100
      http:
        h2UpgradePolicy: UPGRADE
        http1MaxPendingRequests: 100
        http2MaxRequests: 1000
  subsets:
    - name: stable
      labels:
        version: stable
    - name: canary
      labels:
        version: canary

Modelo 3: Circuit Breaker

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: circuit-breaker
spec:
  host: my-service
  trafficPolicy:
    connectionPool:
      tcp:
        maxConnections: 100
      http:
        http1MaxPendingRequests: 100
        http2MaxRequests: 1000
        maxRequestsPerConnection: 10
        maxRetries: 3
    outlierDetection:
      consecutive5xxErrors: 5
      interval: 30s
      baseEjectionTime: 30s
      maxEjectionPercent: 50
      minHealthPercent: 30

Modelo 4: Retry e Timeout

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: ratings-retry
spec:
  hosts:
    - ratings
  http:
    - route:
        - destination:
            host: ratings
      timeout: 10s
      retries:
        attempts: 3
        perTryTimeout: 3s
        retryOn: connect-failure,refused-stream,unavailable,cancelled,retriable-4xx,503
        retryRemoteLocalities: true

Modelo 5: Espelhamento de Tráfego

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: mirror-traffic
spec:
  hosts:
    - my-service
  http:
    - route:
        - destination:
            host: my-service
            subset: v1
      mirror:
        host: my-service
        subset: v2
      mirrorPercentage:
        value: 100.0

Modelo 6: Injeção de Falhas

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: fault-injection
spec:
  hosts:
    - ratings
  http:
    - fault:
        delay:
          percentage:
            value: 10
          fixedDelay: 5s
        abort:
          percentage:
            value: 5
          httpStatus: 503
      route:
        - destination:
            host: ratings

Modelo 7: Gateway de Entrada

apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: Gateway

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