Pipelines do Azure DevOps

Compile, teste e implante aplicativos usando Pipelines do Azure DevOps com YAML ou editor clássico.

Quando Usar Esta Habilidade

Use esta habilidade quando:

• Criar pipelines de CI/CD no Azure DevOps
• Configurar estágios de build e release
• Gerenciar conexões de serviço do Azure DevOps
• Implantar no Azure ou em outras plataformas de nuvem
• Configurar pipelines YAML de múltiplos estágios

Pré-requisitos

• Organização e projeto do Azure DevOps
• Conexões de serviço para ambientes de destino
• Conhecimento básico de YAML
• Assinatura do Azure (para implantações no Azure)

Estrutura do Pipeline YAML

Crie azure-pipelines.yml na raiz do repositório:

trigger:
  branches:
    include:
      - main
      - develop
  paths:
    include:
      - src/*

pool:
  vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'

variables:
  buildConfiguration: 'Release'
  nodeVersion: '20.x'

stages:
  - stage: Build
    jobs:
      - job: BuildJob
        steps:
          - task: NodeTool@0
            inputs:
              versionSpec: $(nodeVersion)
          - script: |
              npm ci
              npm run build
            displayName: 'Build application'
          - publish: $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)
            artifact: drop

  - stage: Deploy
    dependsOn: Build
    condition: and(succeeded(), eq(variables['Build.SourceBranch'], 'refs/heads/main'))
    jobs:
      - deployment: DeployWeb
        environment: 'production'
        strategy:
          runOnce:
            deploy:
              steps:
                - script: echo Deploying to production

Gatilhos

Gatilhos de Branch

trigger:
  branches:
    include:
      - main
      - release/*
    exclude:
      - feature/*
  tags:
    include:
      - v*

Gatilhos de Pull Request

pr:
  branches:
    include:
      - main
  paths:
    include:
      - src/*
    exclude:
      - docs/*

Gatilhos Agendados

schedules:
  - cron: '0 2 * * *'
    displayName: 'Nightly build'
    branches:
      include:
        - main
    always: true

Jobs e Estágios

Jobs Paralelos

stages:
  - stage: Test
    jobs:
      - job: UnitTests
        pool:
          vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'
        steps:
          - script: npm run test:unit
      
      - job: IntegrationTests
        pool:
          vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'
        steps:
          - script: npm run test:integration

Estratégia de Matriz

jobs:
  - job: Build
    strategy:
      matrix:
        linux:
          vmImage: 'ubuntu-latest'
        windows:
          vmImage: 'windows-latest'
        mac:
          vmImage: 'macos-latest'
    pool:
      vmImage: $(vmImage)
    steps:
      - script: npm test

Dependências de Job

stages:
  - stage: Build
    jobs:
      - job: A
        steps:
          - script: echo Job A
      - job: B
        dependsOn: A
        steps:
          - script: echo Job B

Variáveis e Parâmetros

Grupos de Variáveis

variables:
  - group: 'production-secrets'
  - name: buildConfiguration
    value: 'Release'

Parâmetros de Tempo de Execução

parameters:
  - name: environment
    displayName: 'Environment'
    type: string
    default: 'dev'
    values:
      - dev
      - staging
      - prod

stages:
  - stage: Deploy
    variables:
      env: ${{ parameters.environment }}
    jobs:
      - job: Deploy
        steps:
          - script: echo "Deploying to $(env)"

Variáveis Secretas

variables:
  - name: mySecret
    value: $(SECRET_FROM_PIPELINE)  # Set in pipeline settings

steps:
  - script: |
      echo "Using secret"
      ./deploy.sh
    env:
      API_KEY: $(mySecret)

Templates

Template de Job

# templates/build-job.yml
parameters:
  - name: nodeVersion
    default: '20'

jobs:
  - job: Build
    steps:
      - task: NodeTool@0
        inputs:
          versionSpec: ${{ parameters.nodeVersion }}
      - script: npm ci && npm run build

Usando Templates

# azure-pipelines.yml
stages:
  - stage: Build
    jobs:
      - template: templates/build-job.yml
        parameters:
          nodeVersion: '20'

Template de Estágio

# templates/deploy-stage.yml
parameters:
  - name: environment
    type: string
  - name: serviceConnection
    type: string

stages:
  - stage: Deploy_${{ parameters.environment }}
    jobs:
      - deployment: Deploy
        environment: ${{ parameters.environment }}
        strategy:
          runOnce:
            deploy:
              steps:

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