Gerenciamento de Mudanças

Implemente processos estruturados de gerenciamento de mudanças cobrindo classificação de mudanças, fluxos de trabalho do CAB (Change Advisory Board), procedimentos de mudança de emergência e automação para conformidade com SOC 2, ITIL e frameworks regulatórios.

Classificação de Mudanças

change_types:
  standard:
    risk: Low
    approval: Pre-approved (no per-change approval needed)
    lead_time: None (within maintenance window)
    examples:
      - Routine patching within tested patch sets
      - Certificate rotation with established procedure
      - Scaling operations (adding/removing instances within limits)
      - Pre-approved configuration changes
      - Log rotation and archival
    requirements:
      - Change must match an approved Standard Change template
      - Automated testing must pass
      - Documented rollback procedure exists
      - Within defined maintenance window

  normal_low:
    risk: Low
    approval: Peer review (1 approver)
    lead_time: 2 business days
    examples:
      - Non-critical configuration changes
      - Feature flag toggles
      - Documentation updates to production systems
      - Adding monitoring dashboards or alerts

  normal_medium:
    risk: Medium
    approval: Team lead + peer review (2 approvers)
    lead_time: 5 business days
    examples:
      - Application deployments with new features
      - Database schema changes (non-breaking)
      - Network rule modifications
      - Integration endpoint changes
      - Dependency version upgrades

  normal_high:
    risk: High
    approval: CAB review required
    lead_time: 10 business days
    examples:
      - Infrastructure migrations
      - Breaking database schema changes
      - Major version upgrades (OS, runtime, database engine)
      - Changes to authentication or authorization systems
      - Multi-service coordinated deployments
      - Changes affecting data processing or compliance controls

  emergency:
    risk: Variable
    approval: Emergency CAB (minimum 2 approvers from on-call)
    lead_time: None (immediate implementation)
    examples:
      - Security vulnerability remediation (active exploitation)
      - Production outage resolution
      - Data integrity emergency fixes
      - Regulatory compliance deadline fixes
    requirements:
      - Retroactive full documentation within 48 hours
      - Post-implementation review required
      - CAB retroactive review at next meeting

Modelo de Solicitação de Mudança

change_request:
  metadata:
    id: "CR-AAAA-NNNN"
    title: ""
    requestor: ""
    date_submitted: ""
    target_date: ""
    change_type: ""  # standard | normal_low | normal_medium | normal_high | emergency

  description:
    summary: "Breve descrição da mudança"
    detailed_description: "Detalhes técnicos completos do que será alterado"
    business_justification: "Por que essa mudança é necessária"
    affected_systems: []
    affected_services: []
    affected_users: "Descrição do impacto nos usuários"

  risk_assessment:
    risk_level: ""  # low | medium | high
    impact_if_failed: "O que acontece se a mudança falhar"
    likelihood_of_failure: ""  # low | medium | high
    risk_mitigation: "Passos para reduzir o risco"
    dependencies: "Outros sistemas ou mudanças das quais esta depende"

  implementation:
    change_window:
      start: ""
      end: ""
      maintenance_window: true
    implementation_steps:
      - step: "Descrição do Passo 1"
        responsible: "Pessoa/equipe"
        estimated_duration: "X minutos"
      - step: "Descrição do Passo 2"
        responsible: "Pessoa/equipe"
        estimated_duration: "X minutos"

  testing:
    pre_change_testing:
      - "Testes unitários aprovados"
      - "Testes de integração aprovados"
      - "Implantação em staging verificada"
    post_change_verification:
      - "Endpoints de health check respondendo"
      - "Transações chave processando com sucesso"
      - "Nenhum aumento na taxa de erros no monitoramento"
      - "Métricas de performance dentro do baseline"

  rollback:
    rollback_plan: "Passos detalhados para reverter a mudança"
    rollback_trigger: "Condições que disparam o rollback"
    rollback_estimated_time: "X minutos"
    rollback_steps:
      - "Passo 1: Reverter implantação para versão anterior"
      - "Passo 2: Verificar sucesso do rollback"
      - "Passo 3: Notificar stakeholders"
    data_rollback: "Descrever qualquer rollback de migração de dados necessário"

  communication:
    stakeholders_notified: []
    notification_sent_date: ""
    status_page_update: true
    customer_notification_required: false

  approvals:

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