Configurando o Registro de Eventos do Windows para Detecção

Quando Usar

Use esta habilidade quando:

• Configurar a Política de Auditoria Avançada do Windows para monitoramento de segurança
• Habilitar auditoria de criação de processos com registro de linha de comando (Evento 4688)
• Configurar auditoria de logon/logoff para monitoramento de autenticação
• Dimensionar o armazenamento de logs de eventos e o encaminhamento para plataformas SIEM

Não use para configuração do Sysmon (habilidade separada) ou para registro de auditoria do Linux.

Pré-requisitos

• Sistemas Windows Server ou Windows 10/11 com acesso à Gerenciamento de Política de Grupo
• Ambiente Active Directory com privilégios de criação de Objeto de Política de Grupo (GPO)
• Plataforma SIEM configurada para receber encaminhamento de Logs de Eventos do Windows
• Compreensão dos IDs de evento de segurança do Windows e categorias de auditoria

Fluxo de Trabalho

Etapa 1: Configurar a Política de Auditoria Avançada via GPO

Computer Configuration → Windows Settings → Security Settings
  → Advanced Audit Policy Configuration → Audit Policies

Recommended settings:
Account Logon:
  - Audit Credential Validation: Success, Failure
  - Audit Kerberos Authentication: Success, Failure

Account Management:
  - Audit Security Group Management: Success
  - Audit User Account Management: Success, Failure

Logon/Logoff:
  - Audit Logon: Success, Failure
  - Audit Logoff: Success
  - Audit Special Logon: Success
  - Audit Other Logon/Logoff Events: Success, Failure

Object Access:
  - Audit File Share: Success, Failure
  - Audit Removable Storage: Success, Failure
  - Audit SAM: Success

Policy Change:
  - Audit Audit Policy Change: Success, Failure
  - Audit Authentication Policy Change: Success

Privilege Use:
  - Audit Sensitive Privilege Use: Success, Failure

Detailed Tracking:
  - Audit Process Creation: Success
  - Audit DPAPI Activity: Success, Failure

Etapa 2: Habilitar Linha de Comando em Eventos de Criação de Processos

# Registry: Enable command line logging in Event 4688
New-ItemProperty -Path "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System\Audit" `
  -Name ProcessCreationIncludeCmdLine_Enabled -Value 1 -PropertyType DWORD -Force

# GPO: Computer Configuration → Administrative Templates → System → Audit Process Creation
# "Include command line in process creation events" → Enabled

Etapa 3: Configurar Tamanhos dos Logs de Eventos

# Increase Security log to 1 GB (default 20 MB is insufficient)
wevtutil sl Security /ms:1073741824

# Increase PowerShell Operational log
wevtutil sl "Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational" /ms:536870912

# Set log retention to overwrite as needed
wevtutil sl Security /rt:false

# Configure via GPO:
# Computer Configuration → Administrative Templates → Windows Components
#   → Event Log Service → Security
# Maximum log file size (KB): 1048576

Etapa 4: Configurar Encaminhamento de Eventos do Windows (WEF)

# On collector server:
wecutil qc /q

# Create subscription for high-value events:
# Event IDs: 4624 (logon), 4625 (failed logon), 4688 (process create),
# 4672 (special privilege), 4720 (user created), 4728 (group membership),
# 7045 (service installed), 1102 (log cleared)

# On source endpoints (GPO):
# Configure WinRM: winrm quickconfig
# Configure event forwarding: Computer Configuration → Admin Templates
#   → Windows Components → Event Forwarding
# Configure target Subscription Manager: Server=http://collector:5985/wsman/SubscriptionManager/WEC

Etapa 5: IDs de Eventos Chave para Detecção

Authentication Events:
  4624 - Successful logon (Type 2=Interactive, 3=Network, 10=RemoteInteractive)
  4625 - Failed logon attempt
  4648 - Logon using explicit credentials (RunAs, pass-the-hash indicator)
  4672 - Special privileges assigned (admin logon)
  4776 - NTLM credential validation

Process Events:
  4688 - Process creation (with command line if enabled)
  4689 - Process termination

Account Events:
  4720 - User account created
  4722 - User account enabled
  4724 - Password reset attempted
  4728 - Member added to security group
  4732 - Member added to local group
  4756 - Member added to universal group

Service/System Events:
  7045 - New service installed (persistence indicator)
  1102 - Audit log cleared (evidence tampering)
  4697 - Service installed in the system

Lateral Movement Indicators:
  4648 + 4624(Type 3) - Credential-based lateral movement
  5140 - Network share accessed
  5145 - Network share access check (detailed file share)

Conceitos Chave

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