Plataforma de Apps Firebase

Envie backends para dispositivos móveis e web com os serviços gerenciados do Firebase.

Quando Usar Esta Habilidade

Use esta habilidade quando:

• Estiver criando apps para dispositivos móveis ou web com sincronização de dados em tempo real
• Precisar de autenticação com o mínimo de código de backend
• Estiver prototipando rapidamente com infraestrutura gerenciada
• Estiver criando APIs serverless com Cloud Functions
• Estiver hospedando sites estáticos ou SPAs com CDN

Pré-requisitos

• Node.js 18+
• Firebase CLI (npm install -g firebase-tools)
• Conta do Google Cloud (Firebase faz parte do GCP)
• Um projeto Firebase (crie em console.firebase.google.com)

Início Rápido

# Install and authenticate
npm install -g firebase-tools
firebase login

# Initialize in your project directory
firebase init
# Select: Firestore, Functions, Hosting, Emulators

# Start local emulators
firebase emulators:start

# Deploy everything
firebase deploy

# Deploy specific services
firebase deploy --only functions
firebase deploy --only hosting
firebase deploy --only firestore:rules

Banco de Dados Firestore

Regras de Segurança

// firestore.rules
rules_version = '2';
service cloud.firestore {
  match /databases/{database}/documents {
    // Users can only read/write their own data
    match /users/{userId} {
      allow read, write: if request.auth != null && request.auth.uid == userId;
    }

    // Messages: authenticated users can read, only owner can write
    match /channels/{channelId}/messages/{messageId} {
      allow read: if request.auth != null;
      allow create: if request.auth != null
        && request.resource.data.userId == request.auth.uid
        && request.resource.data.body is string
        && request.resource.data.body.size() <= 5000;
      allow update, delete: if request.auth != null
        && resource.data.userId == request.auth.uid;
    }

    // Admin-only collection
    match /admin/{document=**} {
      allow read, write: if request.auth != null
        && get(/databases/$(database)/documents/users/$(request.auth.uid)).data.role == 'admin';
    }

    // Default: deny everything
    match /{document=**} {
      allow read, write: if false;
    }
  }
}

Operações de Dados

// lib/firestore.ts
import { getFirestore, collection, doc, setDoc, getDoc,
         query, where, orderBy, limit, onSnapshot,
         serverTimestamp, increment } from "firebase/firestore";

const db = getFirestore();

// Create document with auto-ID
async function createMessage(channelId: string, body: string, userId: string) {
  const ref = doc(collection(db, "channels", channelId, "messages"));
  await setDoc(ref, {
    body,
    userId,
    createdAt: serverTimestamp(),
  });
  return ref.id;
}

// Real-time listener
function subscribeToMessages(channelId: string, callback: (msgs: any[]) => void) {
  const q = query(
    collection(db, "channels", channelId, "messages"),
    orderBy("createdAt", "desc"),
    limit(50)
  );
  return onSnapshot(q, (snapshot) => {
    const messages = snapshot.docs.map(doc => ({ id: doc.id, ...doc.data() }));
    callback(messages);
  });
}

// Atomic counter
async function incrementViews(postId: string) {
  await setDoc(doc(db, "posts", postId), {
    views: increment(1),
  }, { merge: true });
}

Índices

// firestore.indexes.json
{
  "indexes": [
    {
      "collectionGroup": "messages",
      "queryScope": "COLLECTION",
      "fields": [
        { "fieldPath": "channelId", "order": "ASCENDING" },
        { "fieldPath": "createdAt", "order": "DESCENDING" }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Autenticação

// lib/auth.ts
import { getAuth, signInWithPopup, GoogleAuthProvider,
         createUserWithEmailAndPassword, signInWithEmailAndPassword,
         signOut, onAuthStateChanged } from "firebase/auth";

const auth = getAuth();

// Google sign-in
async function signInWithGoogle() {
  const provider = new GoogleAuthProvider();
  const result = await signInWithPopup(auth, provider);
  return result.user;
}

// Email/password registration
async function register(email: string, password: string) {
  const result = await createUserWithEmailAndPassword(auth, email, password);
  return result.user;
}

// Auth state listener
onAuthStateChanged(auth, (user) => {
  if (user) {
    console.log("Signed in:", user.uid, user.email);
  } else {
    console.log("Signed out");
  }
});

Cloud Functions

// functions/src/index.ts
import { onRequest } from "firebase-functions/v2/https";

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