Implementing Azure AD Privileged Identity Management

Overview

Microsoft Entra Privileged Identity Management (PIM) provides time-based and approval-based role activation to mitigate risks from excessive, unnecessary, or misused access to critical resources. PIM replaces permanent (standing) privilege assignments with eligible assignments that require users to explicitly activate their role before use, with configurable duration, MFA enforcement, approval workflows, and justification requirements. This is a core component of Zero Trust identity governance in Microsoft environments.

When to Use

• When deploying or configuring implementing azure ad privileged identity management capabilities in your environment
• When establishing security controls aligned to compliance requirements
• When building or improving security architecture for this domain
• When conducting security assessments that require this implementation

Prerequisites

• Microsoft Entra ID P2 or Microsoft Entra ID Governance license
• Global Administrator or Privileged Role Administrator role
• Azure subscription for Azure resource role management
• MFA configured for all privileged users
• Microsoft Authenticator or FIDO2 key for admin accounts

Core Concepts

Assignment Types

PIM Activation Flow

User with Eligible Assignment
        │
        ├── Opens PIM portal → My Roles
        │
        ├── Clicks "Activate" on the desired role
        │
        ├── Provides justification and optional ticket number
        │
        ├── Completes MFA challenge (if required)
        │
        ├── [If approval required] → Notification sent to approvers
        │       │
        │       ├── Approver reviews and approves/denies
        │       └── User notified of decision
        │
        ├── Role activated for configured duration (e.g., 8 hours)
        │
        └── Role automatically deactivated when duration expires

Supported Resource Types

1. Microsoft Entra Roles: Global Admin, Exchange Admin, Security Admin, etc.
2. Azure Resource Roles: Owner, Contributor, User Access Administrator on subscriptions/resource groups
3. PIM for Groups: Manage membership in privileged security groups

Workflow

Step 1: Plan Role Assignments

Audit current permanent role assignments and determine which should be converted to eligible:

Best practice: Maintain no more than 2 permanent Global Administrators (break-glass accounts).

Step 2: Configure Role Settings

For each Entra directory role, configure PIM settings:

Via Microsoft Entra Admin Center:

1. Navigate to Identity Governance > Privileged Identity Management > Microsoft Entra roles
2. Select "Settings" and choose the role to configure
3. Configure the following:

Activation Settings:

• Maximum activation duration: 8 hours (recommended; max 72 hours)
• Require MFA on activation: Enabled
• Require justification: Enabled
• Require ticket information: Enabled (for change management integration)
• Require approval: Enabled for Global Admin, Security Admin

Assignment Settings:

• Allow permanent eligible assignment: No (set expiry)
• Expire eligible assignments after: 6 months (requires re-certification)
• Allow permanent active assignment: Only for break-glass accounts
• Require MFA on active assignment: Enabled
• Require justification on active assignment: Enabled

Notification Settings:

• Send email when members are assigned eligible: Role assigners, admins
• Send email when members activate: Admins, security team
• Send email when eligible members activate roles: Role assignees

Step 3: Configure via Microsoft Graph API

import requests


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