Performing Alert Triage with Elastic SIEM

Overview

Alert triage in Elastic Security is the systematic process of reviewing, classifying, and prioritizing security alerts to determine which represent genuine threats. Elastic's AI-driven Attack Discovery feature can triage hundreds of alerts down to discrete attack chains, but skilled analyst triage remains essential. A structured triage workflow typically takes 5-10 minutes per alert cluster using Elastic's built-in tools.

When to Use

• When conducting security assessments that involve performing alert triage with elastic siem
• When following incident response procedures for related security events
• When performing scheduled security testing or auditing activities
• When validating security controls through hands-on testing

Prerequisites

• Elastic Security deployed (version 8.x or later)
• Elastic Agent or Beats configured for endpoint and network data collection
• Detection rules enabled and generating alerts
• Elastic Common Schema (ECS) compliance across data sources
• Analyst access to Kibana Security app with appropriate privileges

Alert Triage Workflow

Step 1: Initial Alert Assessment (2 minutes)

When viewing an alert in Elastic Security, review the alert details panel:

Alert Details Panel:
- Rule Name and Description
- Severity and Risk Score
- MITRE ATT&CK Mapping
- Host and User Context
- Process Tree (for endpoint alerts)
- Timeline of related events

Key Fields to Examine First

Step 2: Context Gathering (3 minutes)

Query Related Events with ES|QL

FROM logs-endpoint.events.*
| WHERE host.name == "affected-host" AND @timestamp > NOW() - 1 HOUR
| STATS count = COUNT(*) BY event.category, event.action
| SORT count DESC

Find All Activity from Suspicious User

FROM logs-*
| WHERE user.name == "suspicious-user" AND @timestamp > NOW() - 24 HOURS
| STATS count = COUNT(*), unique_hosts = COUNT_DISTINCT(host.name) BY event.category
| SORT count DESC

Check for Related Alerts from Same Source

FROM .alerts-security.alerts-default
| WHERE source.ip == "10.0.0.50" AND @timestamp > NOW() - 24 HOURS
| STATS alert_count = COUNT(*) BY kibana.alert.rule.name, kibana.alert.severity
| SORT alert_count DESC

Investigate Lateral Movement from Same IP

FROM logs-system.auth-*
| WHERE source.ip == "10.0.0.50" AND event.outcome == "success"
| STATS login_count = COUNT(*), hosts = COUNT_DISTINCT(host.name) BY user.name
| WHERE hosts > 3

Step 3: Threat Intelligence Enrichment (2 minutes)

Check indicators against threat intelligence:

FROM logs-ti_*
| WHERE threat.indicator.ip == "203.0.113.50"
| KEEP threat.indicator.type, threat.indicator.provider, threat.indicator.confidence, threat.feed.name

Check File Hash Against Known Threats

FROM logs-endpoint.events.file-*
| WHERE file.hash.sha256 == "abc123..."
| STATS occurrences = COUNT(*) BY host.name, file.path, user.name

Step 4: Classification Decision (2 minutes)

Step 5: Documentation and Escalation (1 minute)

For each triaged alert, document:

• Classification decision with rationale
• Evidence artifacts examined
• Related alerts or investigations
• Recommended next steps

Detection Rules for Triage

Pre-Built Detection Rules

Elastic Security includes 1000+ pre-built detection rules organized by:

• MITRE ATT&CK Tactic: Initial Access, Execution, Persistence, etc.
• Platform: Windows, Linux, macOS, Cloud

…